一般过去时 Simple Past A1 · 入门
一般过去时用来表达过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，是英语中最常用的时态之一。
一、构成规则
规则动词：词尾加 -ed
| 情况 | 规则 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| 一般情况 | 加 -ed | work → worked |
| 以 e 结尾 | 加 -d | live → lived |
| 辅音 + y 结尾 | 变 y 为 i 加 -ed | study → studied |
| 重读闭音节结尾 | 双写末尾辅音加 -ed | stop → stopped |
不规则动词（需要逐个记忆）
| 原形 | 过去式 | 原形 | 过去式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| go | went | come | came |
| have | had | do | did |
| see | saw | get | got |
| make | made | take | took |
| know | knew | think | thought |
| say | said | give | gave |
句型结构
| 人称 | 肯定句 | 否定句 | 疑问句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 所有人称 | I worked | I didn't work | Did you work? |
| She went | She didn't go | Did she go? |
:::info 核心要点
- 否定句和疑问句中，动词恢复原形（did 已经承担了过去时标记）
- ❌ Did you went? → ✅ Did you go?
- ❌ She didn't went. → ✅ She didn't go. :::
二、句子成分分析
三、用法详解
1. 过去某个时间发生的动作
常与明确的过去时间标志词搭配。
I bought a new phone yesterday.
我昨天买了一部新手机。
They moved to Beijing in 2020.
他们在2020年搬到了北京。
2. 过去的习惯或经常性动作
When I was young, I often played football after school.
小时候，我经常放学后踢足球。
3. 过去连续发生的动作
He got up, brushed his teeth, and left for work.
他起床，刷了牙，然后去上班了。
4. 与 ago 搭配
She graduated from college two years ago.
她两年前大学毕业了。
四、常见时间标志词
| 标志词 | 示例 |
|---|---|
| yesterday | I saw him yesterday. |
| last week / month / year | We traveled last summer. |
| ... ago | He called me two hours ago. |
| in + 过去年份 | She was born in 1998. |
| just now | I met her just now. |
| the other day | I ran into Tom the other day. |
五、be 动词的过去式
| 人称 | 过去式 | 否定 |
|---|---|---|
| I / He / She / It | was | wasn't |
| You / We / They | were | weren't |
I was very tired last night.
我昨晚非常累。
They were not at home when I called.
我打电话时他们不在家。
六、实战练习
She _____ to London last summer.
_____ you see the movie yesterday?
We _____ (not have) any homework last Friday.
He _____ (study) very hard for the exam last week.
I _____ (meet) an old friend at the supermarket yesterday.
「Did she went to school yesterday?」这句话语法正确。
七、小结
:::tip 记忆口诀 一般过去时，过去发生要牢记； 规则动词加 -ed，不规则的靠积累； 否定疑问 did 来帮，动词还原用原形； ago / last / yesterday，看到标志就过去。 :::
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